Maestría en Ciencias Odontológicas

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10946/253

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 48

A clinical practice guideline for the prevention and treatment of peri-implant diseases.
(Universidad CES, 2017-11) Marín Jaramillo, Rubiel Antonio; Asesor
The incidence of peri-implant diseases is high, and their optimal management is still debated. Purpose: To explore the levels of available evidence and to suggest evidencebased recommendations for the treatment of peri-implant mucositis and periimplantitis. Materials and methods: A clinical practice guideline has been developed using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) criteria. A search strategy was formulated, and a critical review of the following evidence was performed: 1) prevention of peri-implant diseases, 2) treatment of peri-implant mucositis, and 3) treatment of peri-implantitis. Systematic reviews and randomized controlled clinical trials were the primary literature types identified. Current levels of evidence were established, and recommendations were determined. Results: A total of 67 articles were included. Regarding the prevention of periimplant diseases, there is strong evidence for the involvement of patients in a regular maintenance program according to their risk profile. Regarding the treatment of peri-implant mucositis, infection control measures are recommended, controversy exists over the usefulness of antimicrobial agents, and there is evidence against the use of antibiotics. Selection of the peri-implantitis treatment method depends on the severity of the condition and patient-related factors. Resective and regenerative therapies may be used for treatment. The use of systemic antibiotics favors the response of clinical parameters. There is conditional evidence for the use of other adjunctive therapies. Conclusions: The best way to prevent peri-implantitis is to prevent peri-implant mucositis through adherence to supportive periodontal therapy. Treatment of periimplant diseases depends on local and systemic conditions that affect the success of other treatment options.
Actividad antibacteriana de nanopartículas de plata inmovilizadas en cemento de óxido de zinc eugenol contra el enterococcus faecalis: Estudio in vitro
(Universidad CES, 2018-11) Isaza Areiza, Liza; Duque Aristizábal, Juan Camilo; Asesor
El objetivo de esta investigación en evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de las nanopartículas de plata inmovilizadas en un cemento óxido de zinc eugenol contra Enterococcus faecalis, para su potencial uso en tratamientos endodónticos. La importancia de la salud oral de cualquier persona radica en la significancia de evitar cualquier tipo de enfermedad que pueda producirse en la boca, incluso aquellas en las que se pueda hacer necesario la realización de un tratamiento endodóntico. Debido a los posibles fracasos en la realización de un tratamiento de endodoncia y a las consecuencias que trae consigo, se hace importante para todo paciente que necesite una endodoncia evitar al máximo cualquier factor predictor de fracaso, dando mayor importancia a la realización de un tratamiento exitoso donde se minimicen costos y mayor pérdida de estructura dental remanente. Se ha demostrado que con las técnicas, materiales e instrumentos utilizados actualmente, no se ha logrado tener un éxito total de la terapia endodóntica exhibiendo todavía un porcentaje de fracaso alto. Se pretende entonces, lograr un mayor porcentaje de éxito, reduciendo las posibles complicaciones en el paciente, favoreciendo y proporcionando un estado de salud evitando los signos y síntomas que trae consigo la enfermedad pulpar y periapical, a partir de la utilización de nanotecnología y el cambio en la composición del cemento sellador óxido de zinc eugenol, cemento más utilizado en la actualidad para la obturación de los conductos radiculares, mezclado con nanopartículas de plata, las cuales han demostrado tener eficacia en la inhibición del crecimiento bacteriano. Se busca entonces, determinar la capacidad antimicrobiana de las nanopartículas de plata y de la mezcla de éstas con el cemento óxido de zinc eugenol, contra el microorganismo encontrado con mayor frecuencia en los fracasos de los tratamientos endodónticos, el Enterococcus faecalis
Alcance del Clinical Endpoint: Análisis descriptivo de una cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes periodontales
(Universidad CES, 2026-02) Galán Villa, Manuela; Botero Zuluaga, Paula Andrea; Asesor
Existe controversia sobre el uso “Clinical Endpoint” para evaluar la respuesta al tratamiento periodontal de acuerdo con los diferentes estadios de la Enfermedad. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la eficacia de la terapia periodontal activa para el alcance del “Clinical Endpoint” (≤4 sitios con PPD≥5 mm) de acuerdo a los estadios y otras variables de riesgo. Se realizó un estudio observación al descriptivo de una cohorte retrospectiva de 140 pacientes atendidos en una práctica privada con terapia no quirúrgico (fase 1) y quirúrgica (examen final). Se determinó el estadio inicial y el alcance del “Clinical Endpoint” (≤4 sitios con PPD≥5 mm) después de evaluar los resultados de ambas fases sin importar la estrategia periodontal empleada. Se encontró que el 75% de los participantes alcanzaron el “Clinical Endpoint” mientras el 25% restante no lo alcanzó, incluso después de la terapia correctiva, independientemente del estadio. Los pacientes que presentaron porcentajes más bajos de índice de placa (PII), sangrado al sondaje (BOP) e índices menores de extensión y severidad de la perdida de inserción en la reevaluación y en el examen final mostraron un mayor alcance del “Clinical Endpoint” (NS <0.001). Este estudio sugiere que el “Clinical Endpoint” es una meta alcanzable por la mayoría de los pacientes, pero es dependiente del estadio inicial. Además, que los porcentajes bajos de BOP y el PII son las variables más importantes para el alcance del Clinical Endpoint.
Alveolar bone dimensional changes and buccolingual inclination of lower incisors after surgically accelarated orthodontics
(Univesidad CES, 2019-03-11) Rios Castaño, Daniela; Roldán, Mina María; Álvarez, María Antonia; Correa, Santiago; Manrique, Rubén Darío; Aristizábal, Duvan Fernando; Ríos F, Hector; Rey Mora, Diego
Objective: To evaluate the dimensional changes in height and thickness at the alveolar bone and delimitating the buccolingual inclination of the lower incisors, before and after the accelerated orthodontics with a modified piezocision protocol. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 37 subjects with Angle malocclusion class I, II or III, mild crowding and a thin periodontium at level of lower incisors were divided randomly into 4 treatment groups: group 1 control; group 2 lower piezocision; group 3 lower piezocision and soft tissue graft; group 4 lower soft tissue graft. In Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) T0 before and T1 after treatment, 148 lower incisors were assessed in buccolingual inclination, alveolar bone height and thickness. Results: There was proclination of lower incisors after treatment except in group 3 (−4.7º ± 13.6º). Buccal and lingual alveolar ridge decreased vertically in all the groups, but group 3 showed less lingual decrease (0.9 mm ±1.9). All the groups showed a decrease in buccal and lingual alveolar thickness but group 3 showed less change thickness (−0.2 mm ± 0.7).
Antioxidant and inhibitory capacity of tomato ethanolic extract against streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Candida albicans
(Universidad CES, 2022-06-22) Mendoza Lara, Yeiner David; Arias Londoño, Mónica Andrea; Sánchez Garzón, Juliana del Pilar; Rojas Vahos, Diego Fernando; Robledo Sierra, Jairo; Robledo Sierra, Jairo
Background: Tomato is a source of bioactive compounds, antimicrobials, and antioxidants. Tomato leaf preparations have been empirically used for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibiotic, and antiseptic purposes. However, the research on the potential activity of tomato leaf extracts against oral microorganisms and in the management of oropharyngeal infections is scarce. Objective: To investigate tomato leaf ethanolic extract’s antioxidant and growth inhibitory capacity against common oral pathogenic microorganisms, namely, Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Candida albicans. Methods: Ethanolic extracts were made from ‘Chonto’ tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) leaves. The antimicrobial activity was measured with the microdilution technique using vancomycin and fluconazole as positive controls. The antioxidant capacity was measured with the ORAC assay using Trolox as a positive control. Results: We found a high percentage of growth inhibition (≥100%) against S. mutans and P. gingivalis at a concentration of 500 mg/L. However, the extract was ineffective in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans. Finally, we observed that the extract exerted a high antioxidant capacity (126%) compared to the positive control. Conclusions: This study provides new insights into the potential antimicrobial effect of tomato leaf extracts on common oral pathogenic bacteria, which may ultimately result in the development of new herbal products that might help prevent and treat oral infections, such as dental caries and periodontal disease. Our findings also support previous studies on the high antioxidant capacity of tomato leaf extracts.
Asociación entre factores psicosociales y trastornos temporomandibulares en adolescentes de zonas rurales y urbanas
(Universidad CES, 2020-05-27) Henao Cardona, Ana Carolina; Ortíz Maya, Ana Maria; Restrepo Serna, Claudia Cecilia; Manrique Hernández, Rubén Darío
OBJETIVO: Determinar la asociación entre factores psicosociales y trastornos temporomandibulares (TTM) en adolescentes de zonas rurales y urbanas. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se incluyeron 180 individuos entre 12 y 15 años de edad (promedio 13.8, DE 1.2), matriculados en instituciones educativas públicas en zonas rurales (n=90) y urbanas (n=90) de Antioquia. Todos los sujetos fueron evaluados mediante el instrumento CD/TTM; se aplicó el Eje I para el examen clínico y el Eje II para la evaluación psicosocial. La asociación entre los factores psicosociales (ansiedad, depresión y somatización) y los TTM fueron analizados con la prueba Pearson Chi2. Los resultados se consideraron significativos cuando el valor de p fue <0.05. RESULTADOS: El 40% de los sujetos incluidos en el estudio presentó algún tipo de TTM. Predominaron los TTM relacionados con dolor (25,5% de la población general de adolescentes estudiados), principalmente mialgia (20% de adolescentes de la zona urbana y 31.1% de adolescentes en la zona rural). Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa de los TTM y ansiedad (Pearson Chi2 25.57, p=0.04), depresión (Pearson Chi2 33.28, p=0.03) y somatización (Pearson Chi2 25.79, p=0.04) en sujetos de zonas rurales. No se encontró ninguna asociación en sujetos de zonas urbanas. CONCLUSIÓN: Este estudio indica que los TTM relacionados con dolor, tienen asociación con factores psicosociales en la población adolescente de la zona rural Colombiana. Las características sociales entre las zonas rurales y urbanas, así como el acceso a la educación, el maltrato intrafamiliar y el acceso a oportunidades, deben ser considerados dentro de estudios interdisciplinarios y con diseños que permitan establecer los factores psicosociales como causa o comorbilidad de los TTM.
Association between DC/TMD and condilography as diagnostic tools for temporomandibular disorders
(Universidad Ces, 2024-02-05) Londoño Mejía, Luisa Alejandra; Castellanos Giraldo, Laura María; Ríos Castaño, Daniela; Montoya Álvarez, Mariana; Rojas Gualdrón, Diego Fernando; Camargo Cruz, Liliana
This cross-sectional observational analytical study assessed the association between the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) and condilography parameters, including the length of movements during opening/closing, the presence of hypermobility with or without over-rotation, traces characteristics during protrusion/retrusion, and sagittal condylar inclination (SCI). Forty-four patients were included, totaling 88 temporomandibular joints (TMJs). Disc displacement with reduction was five times more likely to have a crossed trace. In temporomandibular disorders (TMD), the length of traces during opening/closing was more likely to be short. The SCI in degenerative joint diseases exhibited 5,2 times more likelihood of being increased. While not statistically significant, these results hold clinical importance, suggesting that TMJs with structural TMD manifest altered characteristics during condilography.
Association between waking-state oral behaviors and health, anxiety and distress in adolescents. A cross-sectional study
(Universidad CES, 2024-12-21) Restrepo Serna, Claudia; Universidad CES; Taylor and francis Group; Coinvestigador
ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the relationship of waking-state oral activities with symptoms of depression, distress, and anxiety in adolescents and to determine the psychological predictors for high wake-state oral behaviors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. One hundred adolescents 12-15 years old from private and public schools in Medellín, Colombia were enrolled. Subjects with known systemic diseases, altered neurological conditions, and/or respiratory or sleep disturbances were excluded. The frequency of non-physiological awake oral behaviors (NPAOB) and awake bruxism (AB) was appraised with the oral behavior checklist (OBC). Instruments from the DC/TMD Axis II were used to assess the symptoms of depression (PHQ-A), symptoms of anxiety (GAD-7), distress (PSS-C), and somatization (PHQ-15). Data were analyzed with the Spearman correlation test and ordinal-multiple-variable regression analyses. Results: Twenty-one adolescents did not complete the instruments, thus data from 79 participants (mean age 13.4 ± 1.6 years) were analyzed. Symptoms of depression did not represent a significant predictor of NPAOB, but it is of AB. The occurrence of anxiety symptoms led to a twofold increase in the likelihood of having NPAOB (OR>2; p<0.05), while anxiety, distress and somatization was associated with a more than three times higher probability of NPAOB and AB (OR>2;p<0.05). Conclusion: Distress, anxiety and somatization were predictors of high NPAOB and high AB, increasing its odds by about 2 to 3 times.
Brain cortex activity in children with anterior open bite.
(Universidad CES, 2017-11) Restrepo Serna, Claudia Cecilia; Botero Mariaca, Paola María; Jiménez Orozco, Kelly Juliette
Anterior Open Bite (AOB) is a malocclusion, associated with alterations in tongue´s position and/or function, which are highly regulated by the brain cortex. The aims of this study were to determine the activity of the brain cortex of children with AOB at rest and during phonation and deglutition.
Buccal bone defects and transversal tooth movement of mandibular lateral segments in patients after orthodontic treatment with and without piezocision: a case control study
(2020-06-18) Álvarez, María Antonia; Alzate, Daniela; Mejía, Alejandra; Coautor
Introduction: This study aimed to compare the extent of buccal bone defects (dehiscences and fenestrations) and transversal tooth movement of mandibular lateral segments in patients after orthodontic treatment with and without Piezocision in Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital dental models (DDM). Materials and Methods: The study sample of this study consisted of CBCT scans and digital dental models taken before (T0) and after (T1) orthodontic treatment for 36 patients with moderate lower anterior crowding. The experimental group consisted of 17 patients that had Piezocision performed at the beginning of treatment with the goal of accelerating tooth movement, compared to 19 patients who did not receive Piezocision. The measurement of bone defects, bucco-lingual inclination and transversal distances of the tooth in the mandibular lateral segments (lower canines, premolars, and first molars) were evaluated at baseline and at the end of the orthodontic treatment. Results: Overall, an increase in dehiscences, buccal inclination and arch width from T0 to T1 was observed in both groups, but no statistically significant difference was found between the groups. Significant increase in fenestrations from T0 to T1 was observed only for the canines in the experimental group. No statistically significant association was found between the increase of dehiscences and the amount of bucco-lingual inclination or transversal width changes. However, the changes in transversal width were statistically significant associated with the increase in buccal inclination at the canines, first and second premolars. Conclusions: There were no significant differences in buccal dehiscences and transversal tooth movement (bucco-lingual inclination and arch width) of mandibular lateral segments between patients after orthodontic treatment with and without Piezocision.
Clinical success rate of resin infiltrant in anterior teeth affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: A retrospective cohort study with 24 months follow-up
(Universidad CES, 2025-12-15) Parajón Oliveros, Kristha Jeannette; Leite de Farias, Aline; Mejía, Juan Diego; Girotto Bussaneli, Diego; Restrepo, Manuel; Santos Pinto, Lourdes; Rojas Gualdrón, Diego Fernando; Universidad CES
Background: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) affects aesthetics, and its treatment should prioritize conservative approaches in children. Objective: To evaluate the clinical performance of resin infiltrant over 24 months and the satisfaction of patients and their guardians with the treatment. Design: Retrospective cohort study with 106 restorations in permanent incisors affected by MIH in patients aged 7 to 10 years treated with resin infiltration between January 2017 and August 2021 at a university dental clinic. Functional, biological, and aesthetic properties were evaluated using FDI World Dental Federation criteria, hypersensitivity with a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and satisfaction with a Likert scale. The primary outcome was the clinical success rate defined by aesthetic improvement and hypersensitivity control. Frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation were used for data analysis. Results: The overall clinical success rate of the resin infiltrant was 96.2% at 24 months. The success rate in functional, biological, and aesthetic properties was over 90% up to 24 months of follow-up. Pain on the VAS decreased from 8 to 0 points in 24 months for all opacities. Patient and guardian satisfaction was high at one and 12 months but decreased at 24 months, especially in patients with yellow-brown opacities. Conclusion: The resin infiltrant was highly effective in anterior teeth affected by MIH, improving aesthetics and reducing hypersensitivity with high initial satisfaction among patients and guardians.
Comparison of acceptance between American and Colombian parents of behavior guidance technique
(Universidad CES, 2023-06-05) Gómez, Laura Marcela; Cárdenas, Juan Manuel; Restrepo, Manuel; Farías, Aline; Rojas Vahos, Diego Fernando; Cárdenas, Antonio Darío; Chiquet, Brett; Theriot, Adrien
Background: Parental acceptance of behavior guidance techniques is dynamic and influenced by social and cultural factors. Aim: To compare the degree of acceptance of behavior guidance techniques between American and Colombian parents. Design: American parents (n=150) and Colombian parents (n=150) of children between 3 and 12 years of age undergoing Pediatric Dental treatment participated in this multicenter cross-sectional study. Parents viewed a video depicting ten behavior guidance techniques approved by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry and rated their acceptance on a Visual Analogue Scale. Differences in the degree of acceptance were analyzed using quantile regression analysis. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: Significant differences in the degree of acceptance of behavior guidance techniques were observed between American and Colombian parents (p <0.05); American parents were more accepting of protective stabilization, sedation, and general anesthesia, while Colombian parents were more accepting of communication techniques.
Comparison of the treatment of maxillary hypoplasia between patients with Down syndrome and patients without any type of syndrome, by using ALTRAMEC Protocol plus a facial mask
(Universidad CES, 2019) Rey Mora, Diego; Campuzano Elejalde, Adriana María; Álvarez Varela, Emmery; Vélez Osorio, Ana Lucía; Álvarez Sánchez, Gonzalo
To determine if there is any significant difference between patients with maxillary hypoplasia and Down syndrome and patients without any type of syndrome, regarding the changes obtained by applying the same expansion-constriction protocol (Alt-Ramec) plus the use of a facial mask.
Concordance between a Finite Element Model and CT Scans of a Skeletal Class III Patient Treated with MCH
(Universidad CES, 2017-08-18) Arias Hernández, Luis Sebastián; Correa Vélez, Santiago; Isaza Falla, Catalina; Buschang, Peter H.; Roldán Restrepo, Samuel Ignacio
Objective: Assess the concordance between a Finite Element Model (FEM) of a Class III growing patient treated with Mandibular Cervical Headgear (MCH) and the CT scans before and after treatment.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de los estudiantes de último año de odontología sobre el VIH, Medellín.
(Universidad CES, 2017-11) Martínez Díaz, Carolina; Manrique Hernández, Rubén Darío; Berbesi Fernández, Dedsy Yajaira
Las personas que viven con VIH/SIDA (PVVS) se han ido incorporando a la práctica rutinaria del odontólogo, debido a que la expectativa de vida ha aumentado, el estudiante de odontología próximo a graduarse debe tener conocimientos claros y actitudes positivas que permitan una atención clínica oportuna. El objetivo fue identificar los conocimientos y la relación con actitudes y prácticas frente al VIH en estudiantes de último año de las facultades de odontología de la ciudad de Medellín.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de los odontólogos en Colombia acerca de la osteonecrosis de los maxilares asociada al uso de bifosfonatos
(Universidad CES, 2019-06-19) Joya Grajales, Elizabeth; Valencia Villegas, Catalina; Fernández Grisales, Rafael Oswaldo; Investigador Principal
Objetivos: Comparar conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (dominios) de los odontólogos generales y especialistas acerca de la osteonecrosis de los maxilares asociada al uso de bifosfonatos (ONMAB). Materiales y métodos: encuestas virtuales/físicas fueron distribuidas entre 228 odontólogos generales y 114 especialistas, con preguntas acerca de los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas frente a ONMAB. Una prueba t student determinó la diferencia estadística entre ambos grupos de odontólogos (p= < 0.05). Resultados: el dominio actitudes fue eliminado del análisis por no cumplir los criterios estadísticos.
Criopreservación dental y sus efectos sobre la viabilidad de células del ligamento periodontal (PDLC)
(Universidad CES, 2021-05-04) Fernández Herrera, Carlos Andrés; Coautor
Los dientes comienzan a aparecer en el ser humano desde los seis meses de edad. Cada pieza dental, además de cumplir con una función particular en el proceso de la masticación, es un importante reservorio de células madre autólogas, que cuentan con una alta capacidad de replicación y poseen propiedades potenciales para ser usadas en tratamientos de enfermedades a nivel de la cavidad bucal o en tratamientos sistémicos. En este trabajo se comparan las propiedades mecánicas y topográficas de terceros molares sometidos a un proceso de criopreservación por criogeles de Polivinil alcohol (PVA). Además, se realizaron cultivos celulares de las células extraídas de las piezas dentales. Los dientes que no se congelaron con agentes crioprotectores, presentaron fallas térmicas, debido al efecto que tiene el proceso de criopreservación sobre la estructura mineral del esmalte y la dentina. Los grupos de dientes que se sumergieron en soluciones que contenían Dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO), no presentaron deterioro en la superficie de la pieza dental. Los grupos que contenían PVA presentaron un patrón de deterioro (patrón de panal de abeja) causado por el ácido generado en el medio de cultivo, ocasionando desmineralización y grabado ácido, provocando la afectación en la estructura dentaria durante el proceso de criopreservación.
Dental arch form, a new proposal based on an integral mathematical model
(Universidad CES, 2025-09-26) Vera , Jaime Elicer; Sierra Gómez, Juanita; Rodríguez , Juan Diego; Roldán, Samuel; Diosa, Juan Gustavo
Introduction: The purpose of this study was to represent a mathematical model of dental arch geometry based on four intra-arch variables, representing a mandibular dental arch of triangular, oval, and square shapes, and to identify quantifiable parameters for classifying the geometry of these arches. Methods: Employing two parabolas, a mathematical formula was created that describes two curves; equations were developed for the anterior zone, delimited by the canines, and the posterior zone. The model was fed by canine and molar depth and width. Data reported in the literature were used to validate the model, and curves representing oval, triangular, and square arcs were created. Results: This study demonstrates that it is possible to plot the dental arch form in the three geometries and indicate a consistent aspect ratio between the three arch types, where the anterior zone represents the arch geometry. Conclusions: An equation can be derived from four intra-arc measurements to create a curve of the mandibular dental arch. This curve can provide an aspect ratio in the anterior region of the dental arch, enabling a more reliable geometry classification as square, triangular, or oval.
Desarrollo de un chicle para ejercicios de masticación
(2020-11-10) Roldán Restrepo, Samuel Ignacio; Montoya Ortega, Natalia; Moreno Madrid, Lina Marcela; Asesor
Desarrollar un chicle con dureza y características específicas para establecer protocolos de ejercicios de masticación con el fin de intervenir y mejorar el complejo craneofacial de los pacientes hiperdivergentes en etapa de crecimiento.
Descripción del crecimiento somático en niños sanos atendidos en la consulta de endocrinología pediátrica de la Clínica CES. Medellín, Colombia
(Universidad CES, 2018-11) Santamaría Vélez, Adriana; Álvarez Varela, Emmery; Aristizábal Correa, Luz María; Alfaro Vásquez, Juan Manuel; Manrique Hernández, Rubén Darío
El crecimiento somático comprende todos aquellos procesos que interactúan en la transformación del ser humano desde el nacimiento hasta la edad adulta. El conocimiento de las medidas antropométricas faciales en las diferentes etapas del crecimiento es útil como línea de referencia poblacional y como criterio clínico de evaluación

Browse

Browsing Maestría en Ciencias Odontológicas by Title