Maestría en Ciencias Odontológicas

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Tooth movement analysis during expansion
(Universidad CES, 2025-06-13) Parra Villegas, Maríaa Antonia; Diosa Peña, Juan Gustavo; Roldan Lopez, José Manuel; Roldan Restrepo, Samuel Ignacio
Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate the necessary activation parameters (force application point and magnitude) to achieve bodily dentoalveolar expansion of maxillary posterior teeth by simulating the interaction of clear aligners, teeth, and attachments in a finite element model. Materials and methods: a CBCT file from a female patient in early adulthood with permanent dentition, exhibiting a Class III malocclusion with transverse maxillary deficiency was segmented to obtain maxillary bone and upper dentition followed with Boolean operations to create periodontal ligament, aligner and attachments where modeled, all structures where simplified and elements were created to then simulate bodily displacements of maxillary posterior teeth using basic trigonometric formulas, all using open-source software. Results: Anterior teeth showed controlled labial tipping with incisal intrusion. The premolars showed predominant mesialization and right molars distalization, questioning truly bodily expansion. The left molars showed no significant displacement. In general, the posterior region had a predominantly anteroposterior displacement with slight changes in the transverse axis and no changes along the vertical. Conclusions: Achieving predictable dentoalveolar expansion with clear aligners is a complex biomechanical challenge influenced by individual tooth orientation, patient asymmetries, and the interaction of applied forces. Accurate prediction needs determining specific force systems for each tooth to control the moment-to-force ratio and account for potential multi-planar movements beyond simple buccal tipping, as demonstrated by the occurrence of rotations, inclinations, and tipping in this 3D analysis. These results highlight that we need more detailed planning that consider how each tooth is positioned and what makes each patient different to improve clear aligner expansion.
Dynamic cyclic fatigue resistance of Reciproc® Blue, One Reci®, R-Motion®, and two Replica-Like endodontic files after autoclave sterilisation and/or immersion in sodium hypochlorite: A comparative in vitro study
(Universidad CES, 2025-03-17) Betancur Calle, David Esteban; Río Osorio, Néstor; Briñez Rodríguez, Sandra; Fernández Grisales, Rafael; Berruecos Orozco, Carolina; Triana Correa, Juan Camilo; Pushaina Velásquez, Anthony; García Restrepo, Hernán; Meza Meza, Camilo; Tapia Sierra, Adriana; Sierra Sánchez, José
Background: To compare the cyclic fatigue resistance (CFR) of Reciproc® Blue (RB), One Reci® (OR), R-Mo- tion® (RM), Roll Wave Gold (RW) and RCS Blue T (RCS B-T) instruments. Material and Methods: 525 files (105 RB (25/0.08), 105 OR (25/0.06), 105 RM (25/0.06), 105 Wave Roll (25/0.07) and 105 RCS Blue T (25/0.06) were assigned into 7 groups (n =15) for each brand. Group 0: Instruments were not exposed to NaOCl or sterilization. Groups 1 and 4: instruments were exposed to 5% NaOCl 1 and 3 times, respec- tively. Groups 2 and 5: instruments were sterilized 1 and 3 times, respectively. Groups 3 and 6: Instruments were exposed to both, NaOCl and sterilization 1 and 3 times, respectively. Subsequently, files underwent a dynamic CFR test. The chemical composition of the files’ surfaces from Group 0 was determined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Cyclic fatigue resistance time was statistically analysed using 1-way ANOVA and the Krus- kal-Wallis test. Post hoc multiple range analysis applying Tukey’s test and the Games-Howell test was conducted to assess significant differences. Results: Greater CFR values were observed in the RB instruments, followed by the RM, OR, RW and RCS B-T files, respectively (p˂0.05). No significant differences were observed among RM, OR and RW files (p˃0.05). The lowest CFR values were observed in the RCS B-T files(p˂0.05). The CFR of RB, RM, and OR decreased when the instruments were autoclaved and immersed in 5% NaOCl (p˃0.05) (3 times) compared with the control group. Conclusions: The RB displayed the best CFR values. The RB, RM and OR instruments were more vulnerable to the repeated cycles of NaOCl immersion combined with autoclave sterilisation. The high density of microstructural defects on the surface of RW and RCS B-T instruments, caused by a lack of quality control, makes their biomecha- nical behaviour unpredictable.
Association between waking-state oral behaviors and health, anxiety and distress in adolescents. A cross-sectional study
(Universidad CES, 2024-12-21) Restrepo Serna, Claudia; Universidad CES; Taylor and francis Group; Coinvestigador
ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the relationship of waking-state oral activities with symptoms of depression, distress, and anxiety in adolescents and to determine the psychological predictors for high wake-state oral behaviors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. One hundred adolescents 12-15 years old from private and public schools in Medellín, Colombia were enrolled. Subjects with known systemic diseases, altered neurological conditions, and/or respiratory or sleep disturbances were excluded. The frequency of non-physiological awake oral behaviors (NPAOB) and awake bruxism (AB) was appraised with the oral behavior checklist (OBC). Instruments from the DC/TMD Axis II were used to assess the symptoms of depression (PHQ-A), symptoms of anxiety (GAD-7), distress (PSS-C), and somatization (PHQ-15). Data were analyzed with the Spearman correlation test and ordinal-multiple-variable regression analyses. Results: Twenty-one adolescents did not complete the instruments, thus data from 79 participants (mean age 13.4 ± 1.6 years) were analyzed. Symptoms of depression did not represent a significant predictor of NPAOB, but it is of AB. The occurrence of anxiety symptoms led to a twofold increase in the likelihood of having NPAOB (OR>2; p<0.05), while anxiety, distress and somatization was associated with a more than three times higher probability of NPAOB and AB (OR>2;p<0.05). Conclusion: Distress, anxiety and somatization were predictors of high NPAOB and high AB, increasing its odds by about 2 to 3 times.
Two-year evaluation of buccal bone dehiscences and fenestrations on mandibular incisors of patients after orthodontic treatment with piezocision and/or collagen matrix compared to a conventional orthodontic technique: a retrospective study
(Universidad CES, 2024-11-20) Alvarez, Maria Antonia; Sampedro, Laura; Rey, Diego; Rios, Hector; Aristizabal, Juan Fernando; Wilhelm, Bellaiza; Duque, Andres; Cevidanes, Lucía; Sampedro, Laura; Alvarez, Maria Antonia; Uribe, Pamela; Colaborador
Introduction : Different biomaterials have been used as a replacement for soft tissue augmentation, such as Mucograft®. For this reason, we consider the use of Mucograft® to thicken the gingiva concomitant with accelerated orthodontic treatment and, hypostatized that it could play a protective role for the periodontium during tooth movement. Objective : The aim of this study was to compare the magnitude of buccal bone dehiscences and fenestrations, before treatment, at completion of treatment, and two years after retention, on mandibular incisors of patients who underwent conventional and accelerated orthodontic treatment with piezocision and/or Mucograft. Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of cone-beam computed tomography scans, taken before treatment (T0), at completion of treatment (T1) and two years after retention (T2) of 29 patients. The control group (G1) consisted of 9 patients who received conventional orthodontic treatment; the piezocision group (G2) consisted of 6 patients who received accelerated orthodontic treatment with piezocision; the piezocision and Mucograft® group (G3) consisted of 7 patients who underwent accelerated orthodontic treatment with piezocision and anteroinferior soft tissue graft (Geistlich Mucograft®); and the Mucograft® group (G4) consisted of 7 patients who underwent accelerated orthodontic treatment with anteroinferior soft tissue graft only (Geistlich Mucograft®). Buccal dehiscences and fenestrations were measured at baseline, at completion of treatment, and two years after retention. Also, absolute frequency, percentage, and transition degree of dehiscences and fenestrations in each time was evaluated for each incisor. Results: Mandibular buccal Dh showed a statistically significant increase from T0 to T1, and a non-statistically significant decrease from T1 to T2 for all groups. In general, Fn showed non-statistically significant changes at all timepoints. The percentage of Dehiscences increased from T0-T1 especially for G1 and G2 and decrease from T1 to T2 in G2 and G4, in G1 it maintained, and in G3 it increased. The percentage of Fenestrations decreased from T0-T1 especially for G1 and G2, and decrease from T1 to T2 in G3, in G2 it maintained, and in G1 and G4 it increased. Transition degree analysis showed that for teeth that had no dehiscences at T0, G3 and G4 has a better transition than did G1 and G2 at T1. For the incisors having dehiscences at T0, G3 and G4 had a worse transition degree at T1. For incisors without dehiscences at T1, most of it maintain without dehiscence at T2. G2 had a better transition degree than did G1, G3 and G4. For incisors with dehiscences at T1, most of it improved with a decrease of the dehiscences at T2, G1 followed by G4 had a better transition degree than did G2 and G3. For incisors without fenestrations at T0, most of it maintain without fenestration at T1. Incisors with fenestrations at T0, got cured at T1. G1 had a better transition degree than did G2, G3 and G4. Conclusion: Dehiscences significantly increase at completion of orthodontic treatment; and decrease two years after retention for all groups. Mucograft may play a protective role in incisors that does not have dehiscence before treatment, while does not play this protective role when there is already a bone defect at baseline.
Alcance del Clinical Endpoint: Análisis descriptivo de una cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes periodontales
(Universidad CES, 2026-02) Galán Villa, Manuela; Botero Zuluaga, Paula Andrea; Asesor
Existe controversia sobre el uso “Clinical Endpoint” para evaluar la respuesta al tratamiento periodontal de acuerdo con los diferentes estadios de la Enfermedad. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar la eficacia de la terapia periodontal activa para el alcance del “Clinical Endpoint” (≤4 sitios con PPD≥5 mm) de acuerdo a los estadios y otras variables de riesgo. Se realizó un estudio observación al descriptivo de una cohorte retrospectiva de 140 pacientes atendidos en una práctica privada con terapia no quirúrgico (fase 1) y quirúrgica (examen final). Se determinó el estadio inicial y el alcance del “Clinical Endpoint” (≤4 sitios con PPD≥5 mm) después de evaluar los resultados de ambas fases sin importar la estrategia periodontal empleada. Se encontró que el 75% de los participantes alcanzaron el “Clinical Endpoint” mientras el 25% restante no lo alcanzó, incluso después de la terapia correctiva, independientemente del estadio. Los pacientes que presentaron porcentajes más bajos de índice de placa (PII), sangrado al sondaje (BOP) e índices menores de extensión y severidad de la perdida de inserción en la reevaluación y en el examen final mostraron un mayor alcance del “Clinical Endpoint” (NS <0.001). Este estudio sugiere que el “Clinical Endpoint” es una meta alcanzable por la mayoría de los pacientes, pero es dependiente del estadio inicial. Además, que los porcentajes bajos de BOP y el PII son las variables más importantes para el alcance del Clinical Endpoint.
Clinical success rate of resin infiltrant in anterior teeth affected by Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: A retrospective cohort study with 24 months follow-up
(Universidad CES, 2025-12-15) Parajón Oliveros, Kristha Jeannette; Leite de Farias, Aline; Mejía, Juan Diego; Girotto Bussaneli, Diego; Restrepo, Manuel; Santos Pinto, Lourdes; Rojas Gualdrón, Diego Fernando; Universidad CES
Background: Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) affects aesthetics, and its treatment should prioritize conservative approaches in children. Objective: To evaluate the clinical performance of resin infiltrant over 24 months and the satisfaction of patients and their guardians with the treatment. Design: Retrospective cohort study with 106 restorations in permanent incisors affected by MIH in patients aged 7 to 10 years treated with resin infiltration between January 2017 and August 2021 at a university dental clinic. Functional, biological, and aesthetic properties were evaluated using FDI World Dental Federation criteria, hypersensitivity with a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and satisfaction with a Likert scale. The primary outcome was the clinical success rate defined by aesthetic improvement and hypersensitivity control. Frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation were used for data analysis. Results: The overall clinical success rate of the resin infiltrant was 96.2% at 24 months. The success rate in functional, biological, and aesthetic properties was over 90% up to 24 months of follow-up. Pain on the VAS decreased from 8 to 0 points in 24 months for all opacities. Patient and guardian satisfaction was high at one and 12 months but decreased at 24 months, especially in patients with yellow-brown opacities. Conclusion: The resin infiltrant was highly effective in anterior teeth affected by MIH, improving aesthetics and reducing hypersensitivity with high initial satisfaction among patients and guardians.
Exposición Materna a Pesticidas y el Riesgo de Labio y Paladar Hendido No Sindrómico. Revisión sistemática y Meta-análisis
(2024-10) Villegas Álvarez, Héctor Javier; Gómez Arango, Juan Pablo; Rojas Gualdron, Diego Fernando; Tolarová, Marie; Universidad CES, Medellín
: Introducción: El Labio y Paladar Hendido es una diferencia congénita craneofacial caracterizada por una separación incompleta entre las cavidades nasal y oral, asociado a un origen multifactorial, siendo un gran problema de salud pública. El objetivo de este estudio es explorar la relación de causalidad entre la exposición materna a pesticidas y el riesgo de nacimiento con Labio y/o Paladar Hendido No Sindrómico. Método: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática con meta–análisis con estudios observacionales tipo casos y controles, cohortes prospectivos y retrospectivos. Las bases de datos consultadas para realizar la búsqueda fueron: Pubmed, Medline, EMBASE; Scopus, Lilacs. Se aplicaron guías para determinación de calidad de las publicaciones donde finalmente se realizó el registro, análisis cualitativo. El análisis estadístico empleado fue: Funnel Plot y Forest Plot realizando 52 comparaciones de 17 estudios incluidos, es decir; que a partir de estos artículos finalmente seleccionados se tomó la información para relacionar los diferentes tipos de fisura con varios tipos de pesticidas discriminando el riesgo individual para cada uno de los eventos en relación con el grupo químico. Resultados: La exposición materna a varios pesticidas de manera simultánea no fue un factor de riesgo significativo (Odds Ratio 1,03 [(IC95% 0,67 – 1,58]), la exposición a pesticidas (en la clasificación estricta en esta denominación) aumenta el 72% la posibilidad de nacimiento con Labio y/o Paladar Hendido No Sindrómico (OR 1,72 [(IC95% 1,31 – 2,25]); los insecticidas aumentan el riesgo del evento en un 67% (OR 1,67 [(IC95% 1,16 – 2,42); mientras que no fue significativo para fungicidas (OR 1,15 [(IC95% 0,88 – 1,51]), herbicidas (OR 1,07 [(IC95% 0,88 – 1,29]). El riesgo de exposición materna a pesticidas en general para el nacimiento de Labio y/o Paladar Hendido No Sindrómico en la descendencia es del 44% (OR=1,44 [(IC95% 1,22– 1,70]). Conclusiones: La exposición a pesticidas es un posible factor de riesgo para el nacimiento de Labio y/o Paladar Hendido No Sindrómico.
Intervención prenatal sobre caries dental y factores de riesgo en niños con labio y/o paladar hendido en Medellín, Colombia. Ensayo clínico controlado no aleatorizado.
(Universidad CES, 2024-07-04) Valdivieso, Paola; Cerón, Ana Maria; Asesor
Introducción: el labio y/o paladar hendido es una diferencia craneofacial que se produce durante la etapa embrionaria. A través de los años se ha incrementado el diagnóstico prenatal lo que parece permitir una mejor preparación de la madre ante los aspectos psicosociales, la alimentación, el crecimiento y el desarrollo. Objetivos:. Comparar la proporción de caries de la infancia temprana utilizando los criterios visuales ICDAS y la evaluación del riesgo de caries por CAMBRA® en individuos con labio y paladar hendido unilateral (LP/HU) diagnosticados prenatal y posnatalmente, tratados con moldeado nasoalveolar (MNA) y cuyas madres recibieron entrevistas motivacionales individualizadas acerca de la alimentación y la promoción de la salud bucal. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio experimental controlado no aleatorizado en niños con L/PHU tratados con MNA diagnosticados prenatal y postnatalmente. Dichos grupos tuvieron entrevistas motivacionales personalizadas en promoción de la salud bucal, lactancia materna y alimentación no cariogénica y complementaria. Se evaluó caries dental mediante el criterio ICDAS durante los primeros tres años de vida y el riesgo de caries dental mediante el sistema CAMBRA® el tercer año de vida. Resultados A los 2 años se presentó mayor proporción de CIT en el grupo prenatal. A los 3 años se presentó mayor proporción de CIT en el grupo posnatal según el criterio ICDAS, sin significancia estadística. Conclusión: se encontró que ambos grupos presentaron caries de la infancia temprana. En el grupo de diagnóstico posnatal en los códigos 5 y 6 según el criterio ICDAS a los dos años y en el grupo 1 y 2 según el criterio de ICDAS a los 3 años. No hubo diferencias significativas en el índice de riesgo CAMBRA® entre ambos grupos.
Una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis del efecto de los ejercicios masticatorios en la fuerza de mordida
(Universidad CES, 2024-02) Álvarez Varela, Emery; Santamaría Villegas, Adriana; Manrique Hernández, Rubén; Echeverri Vélez, Maria Adelaida; Ricaurte Jaramillo, Maria Camila
Introducción: debido a la importancia de la función muscular en el crecimiento y desarrollo craneofacial, se han implementado ejercicios masticatorios para incrementar la fuerza de mordida. Objetivo: establecer el efecto de los ejercicios isométricos e isotónicos en el aumento de la fuerza de mordida en pacientes entre 4 y 35 años de edad. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda entre junio 2021 y julio 2023 en las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus y EBSCO incluyendo estudios de intervención aleatorizados, no aleatorizados y estudios observacionales . 5 investigadores de manera individual realizaron la selección de los estudios, la recolección de la información, evaluaron la calidad de estos y posteriormente se obtuvo un consenso entre los mismos. Resultados: un metaanálisis fue realizado con el fin de estimar el efecto de los ejercicios masticatorios en la fuerza de mordida, utilizando la diferencia de medias ponderadas como medida de resumen estadístico, mostrando un aumento promedio significativo en la fuerza de mordida de 50N en el grupo de intervención comparado con el grupo control (diferencia de medias: 49,92N, CI: 13,29-86,54, p: 0,01). Conclusión: teniendo en cuenta la información encontrada en los artículos incluidos se puede concluir que los ejercicios masticatorios aumentan la fuerza de mordida, sugiriendo mejores resultados en pacientes en crecimiento.
Early torque expression of upper central incisors and lower incisors using active self-ligating brackets: A descriptive study
(Universidad CES, 2024-02-12) Campuzano, Adriana; Garcés, María Clara; Arroyave, Luisa; Asesor
Background: An early torque expression with an optimal buccolingual inclination of the upper and lower incisors in the orthodontic treatment would allow for more efficient, controlled treatments with more predictable results, but it is generally achieved in the final stages of treatment when a stainless steel archwire fills the bracket slot. For this reason, the aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of torque in the initial phases of orthodontic treatment with active self-ligating brackets (ASLB) in upper central incisors (UCI) and lower incisors (LI). Results: Torque expression was measured by the change of buccolingual inclination of UCI and LI in lateral cephalic radiographs. The measures taken were: upper central incisor axis-maxillary occlusal plane, lower incisors axis-maxillary occlusal plane as the base planes; comparing it to reference planes: upper central incisor axis-palatal plane, and lower incisor axis-mandibular plane. These measures were evaluated in 29 patients between 10 and 35 years old, with any type of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment with ASLB at two times, T1: pre-treatment and T2: follow-up cephalic radiograph (after the wires Sentalloy 0.014, Sentalloy 0.018 and Bioforce 0.020×0.020 were expressed). It was observed that UCI and LI showed early torque expression when initiated lingualized and in the norm, and when UCI initiated vestibularized. Conclusions: This study using ASLB with superelastic archwires showed an early torque expression in UCI and LI when they started lingualized, when they started vestibularized or in the standard, they were able to obtain a better inclination compared to the initial.
Association between DC/TMD and condilography as diagnostic tools for temporomandibular disorders
(Universidad Ces, 2024-02-05) Londoño Mejía, Luisa Alejandra; Castellanos Giraldo, Laura María; Ríos Castaño, Daniela; Montoya Álvarez, Mariana; Rojas Gualdrón, Diego Fernando; Camargo Cruz, Liliana
This cross-sectional observational analytical study assessed the association between the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) and condilography parameters, including the length of movements during opening/closing, the presence of hypermobility with or without over-rotation, traces characteristics during protrusion/retrusion, and sagittal condylar inclination (SCI). Forty-four patients were included, totaling 88 temporomandibular joints (TMJs). Disc displacement with reduction was five times more likely to have a crossed trace. In temporomandibular disorders (TMD), the length of traces during opening/closing was more likely to be short. The SCI in degenerative joint diseases exhibited 5,2 times more likelihood of being increased. While not statistically significant, these results hold clinical importance, suggesting that TMJs with structural TMD manifest altered characteristics during condilography.
Title: Effect of Screen-time and Sugar Consumption Reduction on Sleep Bruxism in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial
(Universidad CES, 2024-01-16) Bonfanti, Graciela; Restrepo Serna, Claudia; Caicedo Giraldo, María Paula; Velásquez Baena, Laura; Santamaria Villegas, Adriana; Restrepo-Serna, Claudia
Objective: Sleep Bruxism (SB) is an alteration of Dopamine and Serotonin, which is associated with increased consumption of added sugar and overuse of screens. The aim of this study was to measure the effect of the interventions "Food, Family, Fun" (FFF) and counseling and education (CE) on the frequency of SB in children. Methods: A randomized controlled study was conducted. Fourty-eight 4-8 year-old children, attending the pediatric clinics of Universidad CES (Colombia) and Hospital Elina de la Serna (Argentina) participated in the study. Subjects were randomized into the FFF (experimental) and CE (regular intervention) groups. The frequency of SB was reported with the CSHQ, the consumption of added sugar from items with the HBSC- FFQ, and the time of use of screens through a diary in T1 (before starting the intervention), T2 (at 6 weeks) and T3 (12 weeks). To determine effectiveness, a repeated factor analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction was used. Results: A reduction in SB from T1-T2 was observed in both interventions, "FFF" (F=22.0, p<0.001, η2p=0.66, post-Hoc=<0.001) and "CE" (F=16.8.0, p <0.001, η2p=0.44, post-Hoc=0.02), but not from T2-T3. In both groups there was a significant reduction in the consumption of added sugar, the diminish in screen time was significant for FFF during the weekend and for CE during the week. Conclusion: Reduction of screen time and sugar consumption led to a decrease in the frequency of bruxism both with FFF and CE.
Nivel de miedo y ansiedad dental es mayor en niños con hipomineralización de molares e incisivos severa y caries dental
(Universidad Ces, 2023-11-04) Rodriguez, Óscar Ándres; Laverde, Melissa; Restrepo, Manuel; Rojas, Diego Fernando; Cárdenas, Juan Manuel; Mejía, Juan Diego; Santos Pinto, Lourdes
Antecedentes: El estudio del miedo y la ansiedad dental (MAD) en niños afectados por la Hipomineralización de Molares e Incisivos (HMI) es relevante considerando la complejidad de este tipo de defecto de esmalte. Objetivo: Evaluar el nivel de MAD en niños con y sin HMI. Diseño: En este estudio observacional transversal se incluyeron 159 niños entre los 8 y 12 años de edad. Para la evaluación del MAD, los niños respondieron la versión validada del Children’s Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS). La HMI fue evaluada con el Índice HMI y la caries dental con el criterio Nyvad y el índice ceo-d/CPO-D. La hipersensibilidad dental se evaluó con estímulo de aire y una Escala Visual Análoga (EVA). La asociación entre HMI y caries dental con MAD se evaluó con el modelo lineal generalizado con familia Poisson, función de enlace de identidad y estimación robusta de la varianza. El nivel de significancia fue del 5%. Resultados: La media del MAD fue de 28.3 (SD = 13.4) con puntajes en el rango 15 a 64. Comparado con los niños sanos, la percepción de miedo y ansiedad dental fue significativamente mayor en niños con HMI severa y con lesiones activas de caries dental. Conclusión: El nivel de MAD fue mayor en niños con HMI severa y caries dental comparado con niños con defectos leves o sanos.
Manejo del cuidado oral asociadas a la estancia en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos-UCI: Una revisión sistemática de guías de práctica clínica y declaraciones científicas
(2023-07-02) Espitia Espinosa, Mayerly; Marín Jaramillo, Rubiel Antonio; Rojas Gualdrón, Diego Fernando
Objetivo: Evaluar críticamente las recomendaciones de las Guías de Prácticas Clínicas (GPC) y Declaraciones Científicas (DC) basadas en la evidencia y consenso de expertos, relacionadas con el manejo de las complicaciones orales de los pacientes en UCI. Método: Revisión sistemática de recomendaciones de práctica (PROSPERO CRD42021254982). Se realizó búsqueda empleando los filtros de identificación de guías de práctica de la Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), en Pubmed, SCOPUS, Ovid/Cochrane, y LILACS. Se revisaron repositorios de sociedades científicas y referencias de los documentos incluidos. La valoración crítica se hizo mediante el AGREE-II (escenario ideal) para las guías y declaraciones, y mediante el AGREE-REX para las recomendaciones (escenarios ideal y local).
Comparison of acceptance between American and Colombian parents of behavior guidance technique
(Universidad CES, 2023-06-05) Gómez, Laura Marcela; Cárdenas, Juan Manuel; Restrepo, Manuel; Farías, Aline; Rojas Vahos, Diego Fernando; Cárdenas, Antonio Darío; Chiquet, Brett; Theriot, Adrien
Background: Parental acceptance of behavior guidance techniques is dynamic and influenced by social and cultural factors. Aim: To compare the degree of acceptance of behavior guidance techniques between American and Colombian parents. Design: American parents (n=150) and Colombian parents (n=150) of children between 3 and 12 years of age undergoing Pediatric Dental treatment participated in this multicenter cross-sectional study. Parents viewed a video depicting ten behavior guidance techniques approved by the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry and rated their acceptance on a Visual Analogue Scale. Differences in the degree of acceptance were analyzed using quantile regression analysis. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: Significant differences in the degree of acceptance of behavior guidance techniques were observed between American and Colombian parents (p <0.05); American parents were more accepting of protective stabilization, sedation, and general anesthesia, while Colombian parents were more accepting of communication techniques.
Endocrine disorders and maxillary and mandibular growth in children and adolescents treated at the Pediatric Endocrinology Service at CES Clinic in Medellín Colombia
(Universidad CES, 2022-12-20) Alfaro, Juan Manuel; Coinvestigador
Objective: To establish the influence of medicated hypothyroidism, overweight/obesity and medicated non-syndromic hypogrowth on maxillary and mandibular growth. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study that evaluated the relation between craniofacial anthropometric measurements with hypothyroidism (n=216), overweight/obesity (n=108) and non-syndromic hypogrowth (n=250) in patients between 1 and 19 years old and a control group of healthy patients (n=587). A subgroup analysis was performed at peak growth in groups.
Efectividad de la entrevista motivacional para el mejoramiento de la salud bucal de niños y sus cuidadores. Umbrella review
(Universidad CES., 2022-06-23) Horta Maya, Ana María; Gutiérrez Gutiérrez, Luisa Fernanda; Martínez Delgado, Cecilia María; Faustino Da Silva, Daniel Demetrio; Villanueva Vilchis, María del Carmen; Cortés Velásquez, Ricardo; Ramírez Trujillo, María de los Ángeles;
ANTECEDENTES: La entrevista motivacional (EM) fue descrita por primera vez por William Miller (1983) en su trabajo con alcohólicos y su rehabilitación. Se trata de un “estilo de asistencia directa, centrada en la persona para provocar un cambio en su comportamiento, ayudándola a explorar y resolver ambivalencias”, es decir, contradicciones entre mantener o cambiar una costumbre, un hábito, una manera de hacer, que puede resultar nociva en relación con la salud; el profesional debe actuar de forma que estimule a los pacientes a pensar sobre el cambio necesario, a través del aumento de la motivación intrínseca, mediante un estilo de comunicación colaborativa sin la tradicional prescripción que se utiliza en las campañas educativas en salud. OBJETIVO: Demostrar mediante síntesis de la información existente la efectividad de la entrevista motivacional, en el mejoramiento de las condiciones de salud bucal en niños de 0 a 12 años y sus cuidadores con el fin de entregar evidencia para su aplicación en la educación en salud. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio denominado “Umbrella Review” (revisiones en sombrilla). La búsqueda de la información se hizo en bases de datos electrónicas (PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EBSCO) además de Google Scholar, de artículos originales sobre la efectividad de la entrevista motivacional en salud bucal (EMSB) en niños entre 0 y 12 años de edad y cuidadores, desde 2010, tipo Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura (RSL) y Meta-Análisis (M-A), sin límite en la duración del seguimiento de los estudios.
Antioxidant and inhibitory capacity of tomato ethanolic extract against streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Candida albicans
(Universidad CES, 2022-06-22) Mendoza Lara, Yeiner David; Arias Londoño, Mónica Andrea; Sánchez Garzón, Juliana del Pilar; Rojas Vahos, Diego Fernando; Robledo Sierra, Jairo; Robledo Sierra, Jairo
Background: Tomato is a source of bioactive compounds, antimicrobials, and antioxidants. Tomato leaf preparations have been empirically used for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibiotic, and antiseptic purposes. However, the research on the potential activity of tomato leaf extracts against oral microorganisms and in the management of oropharyngeal infections is scarce. Objective: To investigate tomato leaf ethanolic extract’s antioxidant and growth inhibitory capacity against common oral pathogenic microorganisms, namely, Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Candida albicans. Methods: Ethanolic extracts were made from ‘Chonto’ tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) leaves. The antimicrobial activity was measured with the microdilution technique using vancomycin and fluconazole as positive controls. The antioxidant capacity was measured with the ORAC assay using Trolox as a positive control. Results: We found a high percentage of growth inhibition (≥100%) against S. mutans and P. gingivalis at a concentration of 500 mg/L. However, the extract was ineffective in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans. Finally, we observed that the extract exerted a high antioxidant capacity (126%) compared to the positive control. Conclusions: This study provides new insights into the potential antimicrobial effect of tomato leaf extracts on common oral pathogenic bacteria, which may ultimately result in the development of new herbal products that might help prevent and treat oral infections, such as dental caries and periodontal disease. Our findings also support previous studies on the high antioxidant capacity of tomato leaf extracts.
Criopreservación dental y sus efectos sobre la viabilidad de células del ligamento periodontal (PDLC)
(Universidad CES, 2021-05-04) Fernández Herrera, Carlos Andrés; Coautor
Los dientes comienzan a aparecer en el ser humano desde los seis meses de edad. Cada pieza dental, además de cumplir con una función particular en el proceso de la masticación, es un importante reservorio de células madre autólogas, que cuentan con una alta capacidad de replicación y poseen propiedades potenciales para ser usadas en tratamientos de enfermedades a nivel de la cavidad bucal o en tratamientos sistémicos. En este trabajo se comparan las propiedades mecánicas y topográficas de terceros molares sometidos a un proceso de criopreservación por criogeles de Polivinil alcohol (PVA). Además, se realizaron cultivos celulares de las células extraídas de las piezas dentales. Los dientes que no se congelaron con agentes crioprotectores, presentaron fallas térmicas, debido al efecto que tiene el proceso de criopreservación sobre la estructura mineral del esmalte y la dentina. Los grupos de dientes que se sumergieron en soluciones que contenían Dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO), no presentaron deterioro en la superficie de la pieza dental. Los grupos que contenían PVA presentaron un patrón de deterioro (patrón de panal de abeja) causado por el ácido generado en el medio de cultivo, ocasionando desmineralización y grabado ácido, provocando la afectación en la estructura dentaria durante el proceso de criopreservación.
Comparison of the treatment of maxillary hypoplasia between patients with Down syndrome and patients without any type of syndrome, by using ALTRAMEC Protocol plus a facial mask
(Universidad CES, 2019) Rey Mora, Diego; Campuzano Elejalde, Adriana María; Álvarez Varela, Emmery; Vélez Osorio, Ana Lucía; Álvarez Sánchez, Gonzalo
To determine if there is any significant difference between patients with maxillary hypoplasia and Down syndrome and patients without any type of syndrome, regarding the changes obtained by applying the same expansion-constriction protocol (Alt-Ramec) plus the use of a facial mask.

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